На этой странице можно скачать этот файл совершенно бесплатно и без регистрации и без отправки смс, а также без различного рода ограничений.
Скачивайте и учитесь, надеемся, наш сайт помог вам "погрызть гранит науки"
Kottelat M., Freyhof J. Handbook of European freshwater fishes
2007, Delemont, IUCN, - 660 p
On current assessments and projections, there may be anything between 25.000 and 40,000 species of fish in the world. This high global diversity of fishes, including at least 14.000 species in fresh-waters, remains the least well known among the vertebrates. As many as three hundred new species of fish are scientifically described and named every year, even in geographical areas where knowledge has been assembled over centuries. This pattern of discovery is certainly the case for European freshwaters, where the nature and identity of the fishes has long been considered to be "well known' and also "impoverished"; but where, remarkably, not less than 56 species new to science have been determined since the year 2000 (10 % of the entire list of native species). In the present impressive publication. Drs Maurice Kottelat and Jorg Freyhof recognize the existence of 546 native species in European freshwaters. This contrasts strongly with the 25 species originally listed in Guillaume Rondelet's Universal' aquatilium historiae (1555). one of the earliest accounts of European freshwater fishes. The Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum (1859-1870) by Albert Gunther constitutes the last scientific benchmark publication in which all of the European freshwater fishes known at that time can be found under a single cover. Since then, standard works have characteristically listed only between about 160 and 270 species - depending in part on taxonomic concepts and geographical definitions. Now. after more than a century of what might be regarded in some respects as 'ichthyo-logical stasis', Kottelat and Freyhof clearly demonstrate that the diversity of European freshwater fishes is far greater than commonly believed. There are. in fact, about twice as many fishes in European rivers, streams, lakes, swamps and ponds than often hitherto recognised. This case is fully substantiated by the authors through fieldwork, a reexamination of museum material, the utilisation of vital new voucher specimens, the development of innovativetechniques and analytical processes and a wide-ranging expert consultation.
