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Jeffreys E., Haldon J., Cormack R. The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies
Oxford University Press: 2009 - 1056 p. ISBN: 0199252467
The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies presents discussions by leading authorities on all important aspects of this diverse and fast-growing field. The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies offers using the history and culture of the Byzantine Empire, the eastern half of the Late Roman Empire, from the fourth towards the fourteenth century. Its centre was the city formerly recognized as Byzantium, refounded as Constantinople in 324 CE, the present-day Istanbul. Below its emperors, patriarchs, and all-pervasive bureaucracy Byzantium developed a distinctive society: Greek in language, Roman in legal program, and Christian in religion. Byzantium’s impact in the European Middle Ages is challenging to over-estimate, as a bulwark against invaders, as a meeting-point for trade from Asia and also the Mediterranean, as a guardian of the classical literary and artistic heritage, and as a creator of its own magnificent artistic style.
